Release notes

May 24, 2021: We’ve released Version 0.11.1

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website. Version 0.11.1 is primarily a bug fix release that fixes a bug that was introduced in Version 0.11.0 (which was released on April 17, 2021) that affected MCMC sampling in MCMCs using the “posterior_predictive_branch” sampler introduced in version 0.11.0. This sampler would be listed by name when the MCMC configuration object is created and would be assigned to any set of multiple nodes that (as a group of nodes) have no data dependencies and are therefore sampled as a group from their predictive distributions.

April 17, 2021: We’ve released Version 0.11.0

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev GitHub site for more detailed information.

November 30, 2020: We’ve released Version 0.10.1

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website.

• In particular, it fixes a bug in retrieving parameter values from distributions that was introduced in version 0.10.0. The bug can cause incorrect behavior of conjugate MCMC samplers under certain model structures (such as particular state-space models), so we strongly encourage users to upgrade to 0.10.1.
• In addition, version 0.10.1 restricts use of WAIC to the conditional version of WAIC (conditioning on all parameters directly involved in the likelihood). Previous versions of nimble gave incorrect results when not conditioning on all parameters directly involved in the likelihood (i.e., when not monitoring all such parameters). In a future version of nimble we plan to make a number of improvements to WAIC, including allowing use of marginal versions of WAIC, where the WAIC calculation integrates over random effects.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

October 12, 2020: We’ve released Version 0.10.0

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website. Version 0.10.0 provides new features, improvements in speed of building models and algorithms, bug fixes, and various improvements.

New features and bug fixes include:

• greatly extended NIMBLE’s CRP-based BNP functionality by allowing multiple observations to be grouped together;
• fixed a bug giving incorrect results in our cross-validation function, runCrossValidate();
• moved NIMBLE’s sequential Monte Carlo (SMC, aka particle filtering) methods into the nimbleSMC package; and
• improved the efficiency of model and MCMC building and compilation.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

May 22, 2020: We’ve released Version 0.9.1

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website. Version 0.9.1 is primarily a bug fix release, but also provides some minor improvements in functionality.

Users of NIMBLE in R 4.0 on Windows MUST upgrade to this release for NIMBLE to work.

New features and bug fixes include:

• switched to use of system2() from system() to avoid an issue on Windows in R 4.0;
• modified various adaptive MCMC samplers so the exponent controlling the scale decay of the adaptation is adjustable by user;
• allowed pmin() and pmax() to be used in models;
• improved handling of NA values in the dCRP distribution; and
• improved handling of cases where indexing goes beyond the extent of a variable in expandNodeNames() and related queries of model structure.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

December 20, 2019: We’ve released Version 0.9.0

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website. Version 0.9.0 provides some new features as well as providing a variety of speed improvements, better output handling, and bug fixes.

New features and bug fixes include:

• added an iterated filtering 2 (IF2) algorithm (a new sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) method) for parameter estimation via maximum likelihood;
• fixed several bugs in our SMC algorithms;
• improved the speed of MCMC configuration;
• improved the user interface for interacting with the MCMC configuration; and
• improved our conjugacy checking system to detect some additional cases of conjugacy.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

June 3, 2019: We’ve released Version 0.8.0

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website. Version 0.8.0 provides some new features as well as providing a variety of speed improvements, better errors/warnings and bug fixes.

New features and bug fixes include:

• added a reversible jump MCMC sampler for variable selection via configureRJ();
• greatly improved the speed of MCMC sampling for Bayesian nonparametric models with a dCRP distribution by not sampling parameters for empty clusters;
• added experimental faster MCMC configuration, available by setting nimbleOptions(oldConjugacyChecking = FALSE) and nimbleOptions(useNewConfigureMCMC = TRUE);
• removed compareMCMCs() and MCMCsuite(), which will be provided in a separate package — see https://github.com/nimble-dev/compareMCMCs; and
• improved warning and error messages for MCEM and slice sampling.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

March 12, 2019: We’ve released Version 0.7.1

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website. Version 0.7.1 is primarily a maintenance release with a couple important bug fixes, but also provides a bit of additional functionality.

New features and bug fixes include:

• fixing a bug in MCMC sampling of dCRP nodes in non-conjugate situations that was introduced in Version 0.7.0;
• avoiding a protection stack overflow in working with large models, also introduced in Version 0.7.0;
• support for 6-dimensional arrays in model code and nimbleFunctions;
• recognition of normal-normal conjugacy in multivariate regression structures.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

February 5, 2019: We’ve released Version 0.7.0 (essentially the same as Version 0.6.13)

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website. Version 0.7.0 is a slight (and rapid) update to Version 0.6.13. Together they provide a variety of new features, as well as various bug fixes.

New features and bug fixes include:

• greatly improved efficiency of sampling for Bayesian nonparametric (BNP) mixture models that use the dCRP (Chinese Restaurant process) distribution;
• addition of the double exponential (Laplace) distribution for use in models and nimbleFunctions;
• a new “RW_wishart” MCMC sampler, for sampling non-conjugate Wishart and inverse-Wishart nodes;
• handling of the normal-inverse gamma conjugacy for BNP mixture models using the dCRP distribution;
• enhanced functionality of the getSamplesDPmeasure function for posterior sampling from BNP random measures with Dirichlet process priors.
• handling of five-dimensional arrays in models;
• fixing a bug producing incorrect WAIC calculations when using multiple chains for models with at least one non-scalar monitored variable;
• fixing a bug in conjugate samplers for CRP distribution: CRP_conjugate_dgamma_dnorm, CRP_conjugate_dbeta_dbin, CRP_conjugate_dbeta_dnegbin, CRP_conjugate_dgamma_dinvgamma, CRP_conjugate_ddirch_dmulti;
• enhanced warning messages; and
• an HTML version of the NIMBLE manual.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

June 27, 2018: We’ve released Version 0.6-12

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website. Version 0.6-12 is primarily a maintenance release with a variety of bug fixs.

Changes include:

• fix the bootstrap particle filter to correctly calculate weights when particles are not resampled (the filter had been omitting the previous weights when calculating the new weights);
• add an option to print MCMC samplers of a particular type;
• avoid an overly-aggressive check for ragged arrays when building models;
• avoid assigning a sampler to non-conjugacy inverse-Wishart nodes (thereby matching our handling of Wishart nodes);
• and a variety of bug fixes and internal changes.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

June 14, 2018: We’ve released Version 0.6-11

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website. Version 0.6-11 has new features, notably support for Bayesian nonparametric mixture modeling, as well as a variety of bug fixes.

Changes include:

• support for Bayesian nonparametric mixture modeling using Dirichlet process mixtures, with specialized MCMC samplers automatically assigned in NIMBLE’s default MCMC (See Chapter 10 of the manual for details);
• additional resampling methods available with the auxiliary and bootstrap particle filters;
• user-defined filtering algorithms can be used with NIMBLE’s particle MCMC samplers;
• MCMC thinning intervals can be modified at MCMC run-time;
• both runMCMC() and nimbleMCMC() now drop burn-in samples before thinning, making their behavior consistent with each other;
• increased functionality for the ‘setSeed’ argument in nimbleMCMC() and runMCMC();
• new functionality for specifying the order in which sampler functions are executed in an MCMC;
• invalid dynamic indexes now result in a warning and NaN values but do not cause execution to error out, allowing MCMC sampling to continue; and
• and a variety of bug fixes and improved error trapping/messages.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

March 26, 2018: We’ve released Version 0.6-10

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website. Version 0.6-10 is primarily a maintenance release with various bug fixes and internal changes to speed up model and algorithm building and compilation.

Changes include:

• some steps of model and algorithm building and compilation are faster;
• compiled execution with multivariate distributions or function arguments may be faster;
• data can now be provided as a numeric data frame rather than a matrix;
• to run WAIC, a user now must set ‘enableWAIC’ to TRUE, either in NIMBLE’s options or as an argument to buildMCMC();
• if ‘enableWAIC’ is TRUE, buildMCMC() will now check to make sure that the nodes monitored by the MCMC algorithm will lead to a valid WAIC calculation; and
• the use of identityMatrix() is deprecated in favor of diag().

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

February 9, 2018: We’ve released Version 0.6-9

We’ve released the newest version of NIMBLE on CRAN and on our website. Version 0.6-9 is primarily a maintenance release with various bug fixes and fixes for CRAN packaging issues.

New features include:

• dimensions in a model will now be determined from either ‘inits’ or ‘data’ if not otherwise available;
• one can now specify “nBootReps = NA” in the runCrossValidate() function, which will prevent the Monte Carlo error from being calculated;
• runCrossValidate() now returns the averaged loss over all k folds, instead of the summed loss;
• we’ve added the besselK function to the NIMBLE language; and
• and a variety of bug fixes.

Please see the NEWS file in the installed package for more details

November 24, 2017: We’ve released Version 0.6-8

(Note that version 0.6-7 was the version on CRAN for about a week. Version 0.6-8 is essentially identical to version 0.6-7 but contains a minor fix to resolve a CRAN packaging issue.)

Version 0.6-8 has a few new features.

Changes as of Version 0.6-8 include:

• the proper Gaussian CAR (conditional autoregressive) model can now be used in BUGS code as dcar_proper, which behaves similarly to BUGS’ car.proper distribution;
• a new nimbleMCMC function that provides one-line invocation of NIMBLE’s MCMC engine, akin to usage of JAGS and WinBUGS through R;
• a new runCrossValidate function that will conduct k-fold cross-validation of NIMBLE models fit by MCMC;
• dynamic indexing in BUGS code is now allowed by default;
• and a variety of bug fixes.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

July 29, 2017: We’ve released Version 0.6-6

Version 0.6-6 has many new features.

Changes as of Version 0.6-6 include:

• dynamic indexes are now allowed in BUGS code — indexes of a variable no longer need to be constants but can be other nodes or functions of other nodes; for this release this is a beta feature that needs to be enabled with nimbleOptions(allowDynamicIndexing = TRUE);
• the intrinsic Gaussian CAR (conditional autoregressive) model can now be used in BUGS code as dcar_normal, which behaves similarly to BUGS’ car.normal distribution;
• optim is now part of the NIMBLE language and can be used in nimbleFunctions;
• the WAIC model selection criterion can be calculated using the calculateWAIC method for MCMC objects;
• it is possible to call out to external compiled code or back to R functions from a nimbleFunction using nimbleExternalCall and nimbleRcall (this is an experimental feature);
• the bootstrap and auxiliary particle filters can now return their ESS values;
• and a variety of bug fixes.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

June 7, 2017: We’ve released Version 0.6-5

Version 0.6-5 is a minor release that primarily fixes some bugs and addresses some issues with packaging for CRAN. However, there are some new capabilities in this version.

Changes as of Version 0.6-5 include:

• nimbleLists can now also be used in nimbleFunctions without setup code;
• buildMCEM() can now estimate the asymptotic covariance of the model parameter estimates;
• various additional R-style functions (c(), rep(), seq(), diag() and ‘:’) can now be used in BUGS code;
• new (improper) distributions, dflat and dhalfflat, are now available;
• an inverse-Wishart distribution is now available;
• and a variety of bug fixes and better error trapping.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

April 25, 2017: We’ve released Version 0.6-4

Version 0.6-4 has many new features.

Changes as of Version 0.6-4 include:

• addition of the functions  c(), seq(), rep(), `:`, diag(), dim(), and which() for use in the NIMBLE language (i.e., run code) — usage generally mimics usage in R;
• a complete reorganization of the User Manual, with the goal of clarifying how one can write nimbleFunctions to program with models;
• addition of the adaptive factor slice sampler, which can improve MCMC sampling for correlated blocks of parameters;
• addition of a new sampler that can handle non-conjugate Dirichlet settings;
• addition of a nimbleList data structure that behaves like R lists for use in nimbleFunctions;
• addition of eigendecomposition and SVD functions for use in the NIMBLE language;
• additional flexibility in providing initial values for numeric(), logical(), integer(), matrix(), and array();
• logical vectors and operators can now be used in the NIMBLE language;
• indexing of vectors and matrices can now use arbitrary numeric and logical vectors;
• one can now index a vector of node names provided to values(), and more general indexing of node names in calculate(), simulate(), calculateDiff() and getLogProb();
• addition of the inverse-gamma distribution;
• use of recycling for distribution functions used in the NIMBLE language;
• enhanced MCMC configuration functionality;
• users can specify a user-defined BUGS distribution by simply providing a user-defined ‘d’ function without an ‘r’ function for use when an algorithm doesn’t need the ‘r’ function;
• and a variety of bug fixes, speedups, and better error trapping and checking.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

December 15, 2016: We’ve released Version 0.6-3

Version 0.6-3 is a very minor release primarily intended to address some CRAN packaging issues that do not affect users.

We also fixed a bug involving MCEM functionality and a bug that prevented use of the sd() and var() functions in BUGS code.

For most users, there is probably no need to upgrade from version 0.6-2.

November 23, 2016: We’ve released Version 0.6-2

Version 0.6-2 is a minor release with a variety of useful functionality for users.

Changes as of Version 0.6-2 include:

• user-defined distributions can be used in BUGS code without needing to call the registerDistributions() function (unless one wants to specify alternative parameterizations, distribution range or that the distribution is discrete),
• users can now specify the use of conjugate (Gibbs) samplers for nodes in a model,
• NIMBLE will now check the run code of nimbleFunctions for functions (in particular R functions) that are not part of the DSL and will not compile,
• added getBound() functionality to find the lower and upper bounds of a node either from R or in DSL code,
• added functionality to get distributional information about a node in a model or information about a distribution based on the name of the density function; these may be useful in setup code for algorithms,
• multinomial and categorical distributions now allow ‘probs’ arguments that do not sum to one (these will be internally normalized) and
• a variety of bug fixes.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

October 17, 2016: We’ve released Version 0.6-1

(Note that version 0.6 has been on CRAN for about a month and contains essentially the same features as version 0.6-1. The reason for skipping a version number here on the website is because of some internal packaging issues we need to resolve with CRAN.)

Version 0.6-1 is a major release, with many of the changes focused on our internal implementation, some of which should speed building and compiling models and algorithms.

Changes as of Version 0.6-1 include:

• increased speed and reduced memory use in building and models, as well as compiling nimbleFunctions,
• enhanced MCMC functionality including a new runMCMC function for easily running multiple chains, a new multinomial random walk sampler, the ability to time each sampler in an MCMC, and a progress bar,
• the addition of the ability to handle syntax such as model$calculate(nodes[i]) in the DSL,
• a variety of changes to clean up our compilation system to comply with CRAN rules (including that NIMBLE should now work with gcc on Solaris), and
• a variety of other items.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

May 27, 2016: We’ve released Version 0.5-1

Version 0.5-1 is officially a minor release, but it actually has quite a bit in it, in particular the addition/improvement of a number of our algorithms. In addition there are some more improvements in our speed in building and compiling models and algorithms.

Changes as of Version 0.5-1 include:

• the addition of a variety of sequential Monte Carlo (aka particle filtering) algorithms, including particle MCMC samplers for use within an MCMC,
• a greatly improved MCEM algorithm with an automated convergence and stopping criterion,
• new syntax for declaring multivariate variables in the NIMBLE DSL, namely numeric(), integer(), matrix(), and array(), with declare() now deprecated,
• addition of the multivariate-t distribution for use in BUGS and DSL code,
• a new binary MCMC sampler for discrete 0/1 nodes,
• addition of functionality to our random walk sampler to allow sampling on the log scale and use of reflection,
• more flexible use of forwardsolve(), backsolve(), and solve(), including use in BUGS code, and
• a variety of other items.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

April 7, 2016: We’ve released Version 0.5

Version 0.5 is a major release. It is faster, uses less memory, and provides better syntax.

Changes as of Version 0.5 include:

• more efficient computations for conjugate sampling,
• additional automated checking of BUGS syntax to improve NIMBLE’s warning/error messages,
• new DSL (nimbleFunction programming) functionality to allow the use of syntax such as model$calculate(), etc. (syntax such as calculate(model) still works),
• new functionality for MCMC sampler specification,
• improvements in speed and memory use in building models,
• addition of forwardsolve, backsolve, and solve to the NIMBLE DSL, and
• a variety of other items.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

October 4, 2015: We’ve released Version 0.4-1

Version 0.4-1 is a minor release. It fixes some logistical issues and adds a small amount of MCMC-related functionality.

Changes as of Version 0.4-1 include:

• added an elliptical slice sampler to the MCMC engine
• fixed bug preventing use of nimbleFunctions in packages depending on NIMBLE
• reduced C++ compiler warnings on Windows during use of compileNimble.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

August 2, 2015: We’ve released Version 0.4

Version 0.4 is a major release. We’ve added a number of user-level features and sped up most of the steps of building and compiling models and algorithms in the system.

Changes as of Version 0.4 include:

• added support for user-defined functions in BUGS code
• added support for user-defined distributions in BUGS code
• added support for truncated distributions, censoring, and general constraints in BUGS code
• nearly all calls to DSL functions or other nimbleFunctions handle R-style named or ordered arguments
• improved handling of distribution functions in nimbleFunction run code and as deterministic functions in BUGS code
• added an optional check when building model that alerts user to presence of nodes without values and log probability calculations that return NA
• added calculateDiff as a fourth fundamental method (in addition to calculate, simulate, and getLogProb)
• added flexibility and better organized return values of functions that specify MCMC samplers
• incorporated automated blocking into MCMC engine
• improved a number of error messages to provide more useful diagnostic information
• a variety of bug fixes

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

March 7, 2015: We’ve released Version 0.3-1

Changes as of Version 0.3-1 include:

• addition of Dirichlet-multinomial conjugate sampling to the NIMBLE MCMC implementation
• handling of arrays up to and including four dimensions
• nimbleModel() now allows data and constants to be provided together as the ‘constants’ argument
• a variety of bug fixes

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

December 31, 2014: We’ve released Version 0.3

Changes as of Version 0.3 include:

Important user-level syntax changes for creating and compiling models and algorithms that in some cases are not backwards compatible:

• nimbleFunctions are run via myNimbleFunction$run() instead of myNimbleFunction(). This means code written in v0.2 and earlier will not run without adding $run.
• Writing code for nimble models is now done with nimbleCode() (previously modelCode() ).
• To customize MCMC use “myMCMCspec <- configureMCMC(myModel)” (previously MCMCspec() ).
• To build an MCMC algorithm, use either “myGenericMCMC <- buildMCMC(myModel)” for a generic build or “myCustomizedMCMC <- buildMCMC(myMCMCspec)” for a customized MCMC algorithm (previously one always had to build an MCMCspec, even for a generic build).
• Variables and methods of a nimbleFunction can be accessed by “myNimbleFunction$myVariable” or “myNimbleFunction$myMethod()” rather than “nfVar(myNimbleFunction, ‘myVariable’)” or “nfMethod(myNimbleFunction, ‘myMethod’)()”. Similarly, names of objects/methods of a nimble function can be queried by “ls(myNimbleFunction)”.

In addition:

• Internal changes to decrease compilation time, notably when compiling MCMC algorithms.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.

October, 2014: We’ve released Version 0.2

Changes as of Version 0.2 include:

• Internal changes to decrease time to build models and nimbleFunctions.
• Multivariate conjugate updaters for the multivariate normal and Wishart are now included in our MCMC implementation, as well as block updating on multivariate nodes.
• An extensive suite of tests of NIMBLE’s math functions, model building, and default MCMC.
• A number of bug fixes.

Please see the NEWS file in the source package or the nimble-dev Github site for more detailed information.